back to IGCSE chemistry

States of matter, atoms and atomic structure


Section notes

2011





2017


Investigations
Melting and freezing points stearic acid.pdf
Energetics of freezing.pdf
Rate of evaporation design.pdf
Diffusion in gases.pdf
Diffusion in liquids.pdf
Separating sand from salt.pdf
Paper chromatography.pdf


Resources

Textbook pages:

  • Section 1a: pages 1 to 5.
  • Section 1b and c : pages 6 to 12; pages 30 and 31; pages 89 to 91.

Worksheets

Questions on section 1.pdf
Three states of matter questions part 1.pdf
Three states of matter questions part 2.pdf

Power points


Animations

Particle picture on photograph Changing states
KInetic theory of gases - also good for IB
changes in state of matter: the first 4 animations
Use the following animation to explain how the properties of a liquid allow brakes to work: hydraulic brakes
back to basics about elements, compounds and mixtures
elements, compounds and mixtures
quiz on elements, compounds and mixtures
separating techniques
more on all separating techniques
Smarties chromatography
chromatography and distillation animations
simple distillation animation Another simple distillation The first fractional distillation
fractional distillation of crude oil
fractional distillation of water and ethanol
Isotopes and calculating relative atomic mass from isotopes (this was a demo so hopefully it is still there):
http://www.absorblearning.com/chemistry/demo/units/LR304.html#Calculatingrelativeatomicmasses

Animations

A very good revision tool: BBC bitesize

Lesson section 1c atomic structure
Atomic structure
www.echalk.co.uk
echalk2@dulwich-shanghai.cn
echalk
“Building your own atom”.

Use the above animation on echalk to help you to learn the learning objectives below (M11). Only when you feel you have mastered a learning objective can you move on to the next.
In the animation:
  1. Read the instructions.
  2. Using some of the learning objectives below to attempt to build a number of atoms with all 3 types of subatomic particles in the correct place in the atom.
  3. You should also work out what information the mass number and atomic number give you about the structure of an atom.
  4. Once you have completed an atom, click on the "choose an element" tab, find your element that you have made the atom of and find a link between the atom and the information about the element in the periodic table.
Learning objectives (M19)
know the structure of an atom in terms of the positions, relative masses and relative charges of sub-atomic particles.
know what is meant by the terms atomic number, mass number, isotopes and relative atomic mass (Ar)

Learning objective (M11)

  • Know the structure

  • Recall that electrons move around or orbit around it in shells or energy levels

  • Know the relative charge and relative mass of a proton, electron and neutron

  • Know what the atomic number is and what information it gives

  • Know what the mass number is and what information it gives

  • Know how to calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom when the atomic number and mass number are given

  • Recall the number of electrons that can orbit in each energy level

  • Be able to draw an atom of the first 20 elements in the periodic table showing all the electrons.


Once you feel you have mastered all of them, go onto handout 1c and work through page 1 and the top of page 2.

Isotopes

When you get to isotopes on page 2 of the handout, go to
http://www.brainpop.co.uk/science/materials/isotopes/ and log in dulwichcollegeshanghai1/shanghai

Now complete the table on page 2.

Relative atomic mass

Look at the sample calculation at the top of page 3 and complete the table below it.

Electron arrangement and the periodic table

Read this section on pages 3 and 4 in the handout and complete the task on page 4 (the table). Once you have completed the table answer the following questions - you can also use echalk: "electronic structure:visual database"
  • What information does the group number give about the atoms in that group?
  • What information does the period number give about the atoms in that group?
Do worksheet " Electron arrangement".

Test yourself

On echalk, play the “atomic structure bounce quiz” and “electron configuration pairs”.
Do the questions on page 12 in your textbook.